Driving-calk



(No Model.)

G. H. HATHORN.

yDRIVING CALK.

No. 302,249 Patented July 2z, 1884.

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l GEORGE IIIBAM HA'IHOBN, OF CHESTER, MAINE.

DRIVING-CALK.

SPECIFICATIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 302,249, dated July 22, 1884. Application filed May 22, `1884. (No model.)

. calks for lumbermens use in driving logs, and

for ordinary use upon logs in the water. I accomplish my object by forming longitudinally-hanged ribs a a integral with the other parts of thcealk and projecting radially from the contracted neck E, thereby strengthening the calk, and in several ways improving it.

In the accompanying drawings similar letters refer to corresponding parts throughout the several figures.

Figure l is an enlarged side view of my invention, showing the side of the shank and the side of the point presented vertically and longitudinally. Fig. 2 is an enlarged .rear view of my invention, as shown in side View or elevation in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an enlarged View of my invention, showing an angular presentation of two sides of the square point and two sides of the square shank, and therefore a partially angular view of the improved flanged rib. Fig. 4 is a rear view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged angular View of my former invention upon which my present invention is an improvement, and showing clearly the contracted circular neck E.

In the drawings, A is the point or serviceable part of the calk. B is a circular peripherical flange. C isa square shank. D is a bulbous enlargement of the shank C. E is the contracted or reduced truncated neck. a a are the flanges or flanged ribs constituting my invention. b is the point of mergence of the flanged rib a with the bulbous enlargement D of the shank.- c is the point at which the shank bevels. d is the final point or the apex of the bevel. e is the junction of the rib a with the flange B. f is the `junction of the rib a with the contracted neck E. t' z' are the angles of the shank C.

In construction the calk is formed as described in my former Ipatent granted to me March 18, 1884, No. 295,493, with a square or angular enlargement of the Ashank integral with and in extension of a contracted circular neck. My whole invention relates to forming radial flanged ribs a c upon this neck E. I disclaim all reference to my former invention further than its acting as a basis for my present improvement.

Having discovered that in turning the calk manufactured as claimed in my former'patent when in the sole of a boot or shoe, it simply forms an internal enlargement of the hole or bore in which it was inserted, and thereby renders the removal of the calk from the boot or shoe somewhat difficult. I obviate this difficulty by my present improvement.

In forging my improved calk I form several iianged radially-projecting ribs integral with the peripherical flange B and the contracted neck E and the bulbous enlargement D of the shank C, and finally merging in the enlargement D at b. These ilanged ribs a a are spaced on the surface of the contracted neck and peripherical collar B half-way between the anglesi t of the shank C, so that the grooves formed in the leather of the sole ofthe boot i or shoe by the angles i '13 of the shank C shall not be identical with the grooves formed by the ianged ribs a a. I place the flanged ribs c aat intermediate points as compared with to the periphery of the outside measurement of the radial ribs or flanges a a. Again, in the operation of hardening calks it is practically demonstrated that almost all the calks crack at thej unction of the peripherical flange4 B with the shank. Now, by introducing and forming the iianged ribs a a in manufacturing IOO calks as I have shown and described, itis iound practically that the breakage in teinpering is virtually entirely obviated. Vhen, after the calk has performed its legitimate service iu aiiording additional safety to life and linib, it becomes des' 1able and necessary to reinove it i'roin the boot or shoe with as little injury as possible to the sole-of the boot or shoe, it is simply necessary to apply a Wrench, claw-hammer, or any equivalent device, and turn the calk, when the iianged ribs a a act as reainers and bore out a tapering hole in the leather, releasing the bulbous enlargement D ofthe shank C, and allowing the calk to be pulled out by the fingers. In this case iny improved iianges act antagonistically to their sustaining and strengthening prcrogatives, and here it inay be incntioned that in actual usc or service there is very little twisting or turning strain en a calk, almost the Whole strain being in thc direction of tilting or tipping.

I ani aware that many shapes and constructions of driving-ealks are and have been used; and I do not claii'n anything in regard to the bodily or principal construction of a drivingcalk; but

That I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 l. In a driving-calk the shank of Which is retained and secured in the leather or other sole oi' a boot or shoe by a bulbous enlargement of the shank, the integral radiallypro jccting longitudinall,fv extended flanges or `flanged ribs c a, for the purpose of sustaining the ealk in actual service, and acting as reanicrs when it is desirable to reinove the calk from the sole of the boot or shoe.

2. In a drivingealk formed with the periphcrical flange, ring, or collar B,"eonneetingthc point A and the shank C, the integral radially-projecting flanged ribs c n, located as described, intcnded to prevent cracking underneath the iiange B during or incidental to the process of hardening.

GEO. Il. HATHOPN.

Vil-,nessesz NV. H. Hini'iow, JOHN B. B. Fisica. 

